J. Lipid Res.
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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.M700328-JLR200 on November 8, 2007

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 49, 340-348, February 2008
Copyright © 2008 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation reverses stress-induced modifications on brain monoamine levels in mice

S. Vancassel*, S. Leman{dagger},§, L. Hanonick**, S. Denis*, J. Roger{dagger},§, M. Nollet{dagger},§, S. Bodard§,{dagger}{dagger}, I. Kousignian§,{dagger}{dagger}, C. Belzung{dagger},§ and S. Chalon1,§,{dagger}{dagger}

* Unité de Nutrition et Régulation Lipidique des Fonctions Cérébrales, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas cedex, France
{dagger} EA 3248 Psychobiologie des Emotions, Faculté des Sciences & Techniques, Université François Rabelais, Tours, F-37000, France
§ Institut Fédératif de Recherche 135, Tours, F-37000, France
** Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, F-94000, France
{dagger}{dagger} Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U619, Tours, F-37000, France

Published, JLR Papers in Press, November 8, 2007.

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: sylvie.chalon{at}univ-tours.fr

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on stress responses in mice subjected to an unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) procedure. Stress-induced modifications in coat and aggressiveness were evaluated, and phospholipid PUFA profiles and monoamine levels were analyzed in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. The results showed that repeated exposure to mild stressors induced degradation in the physical state of the coat, lowered body weight gain, and increased aggressiveness, without any effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation. The UCMS induced a significant decrease in the levels of norepinephrine in the frontal cortex and striatum, and a nonsignificant decrease in the hippocampus. The tissue levels of serotonin (5-HT) were 40% to 65% decreased in the three brain regions studied. Interestingly, the n-3 PUFA supplementation reversed this stress-induced reduction in 5-HT levels. These findings showed that supplementation in n-3 long-chain PUFAs might reverse certain effects of UCMS in cerebral structures involved in stress-related behaviors.

Supplementary key words chronic mild stress • omega 3 • docosahexaenoic acid

Abbreviations: ALA, {alpha}-linolenic acid; DA, dopamine; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; DOPAC, dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; 5-HIAA, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid; 5-HT, serotonin; HVA, homovanillic acid; NE, norepinephrine; NSF, novelty suppression of feeding; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; SFA, saturated fatty acid; TFA, total fatty acid; UCMS, unpredictable chronic mild stress


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