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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 5, 402-408, July 1964
Copyright © 1964 by Lipid Research, Inc.

The effect of bile and bile salts on the uptake and cleavage of ßbeta;-carotene into retinol ester (vitamin A ester) by intestinal slices

James Allen Olson

Department of Biochemistry, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida

Bile of the rat and of other species stimulates the uptake of ßbeta;-carotene from a micellar solution of Tween 40 (polyoxyethylene anhydrosorbitol monopalmitate) and its cleavage into retinol ester by intestinal sections of the rat incubated in vitro. Sodium glycocholate and several other conjugated bile acids substitute completely for bile. Glycocholate also stimulates ßbeta;-carotene cleavage by intestinal sections of the chicken, hamster, and lamb, but not of the turtle or opossum.

The stimulatory effect of several bile acids tested in a medium containing Tween 40 is roughly proportional to the number of hydroxyl groups present. With the exception of cholic acid, only conjugated bile acids have this activity. The binding of ßbeta;-carotene to the intestine occurred rapidly, and could not be readily correlated with the formation of retinol ester.

Although the physicochemical state of carotene in solution is undoubtedly important, the conjugated bile acids probably stimulate the formation of retinol ester by enhancing the absorption of ßbeta;-carotene by means of an interaction with the membrane of intestinal mucosal cells.

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