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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.R800058-JLR200 on November 18, 2008

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 50, S156-S161, April 2009
Copyright © 2009 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Lipoprotein Metabolism

Apoprotein E as a lipid transport and signaling protein in the blood, liver, and artery wall

Godfrey S. Getz1 and Catherine A. Reardon

Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637

This work is funded by grants from the National Heart Lung Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and the Leducq Foundation.

Published, JLR Papers in Press, November 18, 2008.

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: g-getz{at}uchicago.edu


ABSTRACT

Apoprotein E (apoE) is synthesized by a number of tissues including the liver, brain, adipose tissue, and artery wall. The majority of apoE is found in the plasma associated with specific lipoprotein subclasses and is derived primarily from the liver. However the fact that apoE expression is sustained in nonhepatic tissues suggests that the local production must have some unique functional attribute. ApoE is involved in many steps in lipid and lipoprotein homeostasis, for the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and for HDL. ApoE is also important for lipid homeostasis in the brain, artery wall, and adipose tissue through its synthesis by glial cells, adipocytes, and macrophages. In addition, nonlipid related functions have also been attributed to apoE, including effects on immune response and inflammation, oxidation, and smooth muscle proliferation and migration. Some of these effects have been shown to be dependent upon different domains of the protein, different concentrations, and lipidation state. Thus, this multifunctional protein impacts normal and pathophysiology at multiple levels.

Supplementary key words adipose tissue • antiinflammatory • antioxidant • proliferation • reverse cholesterol transport


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Related Webpages:

JLR 50th Anniversary Collections
Anniversary Collection::Lipoprotein Metabolism

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