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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.R800090-JLR200 on December 2, 2008

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 50, S162-S166, April 2009
Copyright © 2009 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Lipoprotein Metabolism

The ever-expanding role of degradation in the regulation of apolipoprotein B metabolism

Henry N. Ginsberg1,* and Edward A. Fisher{dagger}

* Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
{dagger} Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016

Research on apoB in the authors' laboratories was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant HL-58541 (EAF) and Grants HL-55638 and HL-73030 (HNG).

Published, JLR Papers in Press, December 2, 2008.

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: hng1{at}columbia.edu


ABSTRACT

Apolipoprotein B (apoB) is the essential protein required for the assembly and secretion of chylomicrons from the small intestine and VLDLs from the liver. These lipoproteins, as well as their remnants and LDL, play key roles in the transport of dietary and endogenously synthesized lipids throughout the body. However, they can be involved in the initiation of atherosclerotic lesions in the vessel wall. Therefore, it is not surprising that the assembly of apoB-containing lipoproteins in the small intestine and liver is a highly regulated process. In particular, cotranslational and posttranslational targeting of apoB for degradation, regulated largely by the availability of the core lipids carried in the lipoprotein, by the types of dietary fatty acids consumed, and by the hormonal milieu, determines the number of chylomicrons or VLDL that are secreted. In this review, we summarize both older and more recent findings on the pathways of apoB degradation, focusing on events in the liver.

Supplementary key words lipoproteins • lipids • liver

Abbreviations: apoB, apolipoprotein B; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERAD, endoplasmic-reticulum-associated degradation; MTP, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein; OA, oleic acid; PERPP, post-ER, presecretory proteolysis; TG, triglyceride; UPR, unfolded protein response


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Related Webpages:

JLR 50th Anniversary Collections
Anniversary Collection::Lipoprotein Metabolism



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