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J. Lipid Res.
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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.R800037-JLR200 on October 28, 2008

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 50, S219-S223, April 2009
Copyright © 2009 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Oxidized Lipids

Isoprostanes

L. Jackson Roberts, II1 and Ginger L. Milne

Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

Supported by National Institutes of Health Grants GM15431, GM42056, AG023597, DK48831, ES13125 and ES00267.

Published, JLR Papers in Press, October 28, 2008.

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: jack.roberts{at}vanderbilt.edu


ABSTRACT

The isoprostanes (IsoPs) are a unique series of prostaglandin-like compounds formed in vivo via a nonenzymatic mechanism involving the free radical-initiated peroxidation of arachidonic acid. This article summarizes our current knowledge of these compounds. Herein, a historical account of their discovery and the mechanism of their formation are described. A specific class of IsoPs, the F2-IsoPs, are stable, robust molecules that can be measured as indices of endogenous oxidant stress. The utility of these molecules as biomarkers and methods by which these compounds can be quantified are discussed. In addition to the F2-IsoPs, isoprostanes with other prostane ring structures as well as oxidation products with furan and dioxolane rings can be generated from arachidonic acid. And, in more recent years, isoprostane-like compounds have been shown to be formed from polyunsaturated fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic acid [C20:5, {omega}-3], docosahexaenoic acid [C22:6, {omega}-3], and adrenic acid [C22:4, {omega}-6]. These findings will be summarized as well.

Supplementary key words oxidative stress • lipid peroxidation • prostaglandins

Abbreviations: COX, cyclooxygenase; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; GC, gas chromatography; GSH, glutathione; IsoF, isofuran; IsoK, isoketal; IsoP, isoprostane; LC, liquid chromatography; MS, mass spectrometry; NICI, negative ion chemical ionization; NP, neuroprostane; PG, prostaglandin


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Related Webpages:

JLR 50th Anniversary Collections
Anniversary Collection::Oxidized Lipids



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