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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 7, 46-55, January 1966
Copyright © 1966 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Adaptive changes in enzyme activity and metabolic pathways in adipose tissue from meal-fed rats

Gilbert A. Leveille and Richard W. Hanson

U. S. Army Medical Research and Nutrition Laboratory, Fitzsimons General Hospital, Denver, Colorado

A number of metabolic factors and the activity of a number of enzymes were determined in meal-fed (animals fed a single daily 2 hr meal) and nibbling (ad libitum-fed) rats. The dependency of the observed adaptive changes on the ingestion of carbohydrate was studied by feeding diets high in carbohydrate or fat.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP-malic dehydrogenase were more active in adipose tissue from high carbohydrate meal-fed rats than in tissue from ad libitum-fed rats. The activity in adipose tissue of isocitric dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and NAD-malic dehydrogenase did not increase significantly in response to meal-feeding the high carbohydrate diet. No increase in lipogenesis or enzyme activity could be demonstrated in adipose tissue from rats meal-fed a high fat diet. Lipase activity of adipose tissue was increased by high carbohydrate meal-feeding and decreased by feeding a high fat diet. The in vitro uptake of palmitate-1-14C by adipose tissue was depressed by a high fat diet and enhanced in rats meal-fed a high carbohydrate diet. Diaphragm or slices of liver from high fat-fed rats oxidized palmitate-1-14C more rapidly than did tissue from ad libitum-fed animals. Evidence is presented for the quantitative importance of citrate as a source of extramitochondrial acetyl CoA in adipose tissue of meal-eating and ad libitum-fed rats. The relationship of extramitochondrially formed citrate to the NAD-malic dehydrogenase-malic enzyme system in adipose tissue is discussed.

Supplementary key words lipogenesis • enzymes • activity • adaptations • meal-feeding • nibbling • high fat • high carbohydrate • diet • rat • citrate • pathways • adipose tissue • metabolism • lipase activity • palmitate utilization

Submitted on April 2, 1965
Accepted on August 13, 1965


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