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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 7, 733-738, November 1966
Copyright © 1966 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Monogalactosyl and digalactosyl diglycerides from heterotrophic, hetero-autotrophic, and photobiotic Euglena gracilis

Abraham Rosenberg , June Gouaux , and Peter Milch

Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Columbia University, and the Columbia University Research Service, Goldwater Memorial Hospital, New York, N. Y.

The lipid of Euglena gracilis, dark-grown in a complete medium, contained 2% galactose. The lipid of Euglena gracilis, light-grown in either a complete or an inorganic medium, contained 13-14% galactose. Pure monogalactosyl and digalactosyl diglyceride fractions, isolated by column plus thin-layer chromatography, contained 50% of the lipid-bound galactose of dark-grown cells, and 80% of that of light-grown cells. Molar ratios of monogalactosyl to digalactosyl compounds ranged from 2 to 3. The results show that galactosyl diglycerides, stored in large amount in light-grown cells, persist in small amount in the dark-grown cells.

Fatty acids in both the monogalactosyl and the digalactosyl diglycerides were mainly of the 16- and 18-carbon varieties, with high proportions of trienes. The monogalactosyl diglycerides were rich in hexadecatetraenoic acid. Strictly photobiotic cells had twice as much hexadecadienoic and hexadecatetraenoic acids in their monogalactosyl diglycerides, and three times as much hexadecadienoic and octadecadienoic acids in their digalactosyl diglycerides as did illuminated cells grown in a complete medium. Dark-grown (obligate) heterotrophs contained galactosyl diglycerides with high percentages of monoenes. Great compositional variations in the galactosyl diglycerides are thus induced by light and also by nonlipid exogenous metabolites.

Supplementary key words monogalactosyl • digalactosyl • diglycerides • Euglena gracilis • isolation • light-grown • dark-grown • organic • inorganic • media • heterotrophic • hetero-autotrophic • photobiotic • fatty acid composition

Submitted on June 3, 1966
Accepted on July 25, 1966

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				A. Rosenberg Galactosyl Diglycerides: Their Possible Function in Euglena Chloroplasts Science, September 8, 1967; 157(3793): 1191 - 1196. [Abstract] [PDF]