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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 9, 155-167, March 1968
Copyright © 1968 by Lipid Research, Inc.

The plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase reaction

John A. Glomset

Department of Medicine and Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105

Evidence for the existence of a plasma lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase is reviewed with emphasis not only on the lipid reactants, but also on the lipoprotein "substrates" and "products." The cholesteryl esters of all major lipoprotein classes become labeled when plasma is incubated with cholesterol-14C. However, the smaller, lecithin-rich high density lipoproteins appear to be preferred substrates. Most studies of factors that influence the acyltransferase reaction have not adequately distinguished between effects on the enzyme and effects on the lipoprotein substrates. However, the fact that cholesterol esterification is diminished in plasma from eviscerated animals or from patients with reduced liver function suggests that the liver may regulate both the level of the enzyme and that of the substrates. Several indications exist that the acyltransferase reaction is the major source of plasma esterified cholesterol in man. Furthermore, the reaction may have a broader, extracellular function. One possibility is that it plays a role in the transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver.

Supplementary key words acyltransferase • plasma • lecithin • cholesterol • cholesteryl ester • lysolecithin • lipoproteins • cholesterol transport • peripheral tissues • liver

Submitted on October 4, 1967


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J.-Y. Lee, L. Lanningham-Foster, E. Y. Boudyguina, T. L. Smith, E. R. Young, P. L. Colvin, M. J. Thomas, and J. S. Parks
Pre{beta} high density lipoprotein has two metabolic fates in human apolipoprotein A-I transgenic mice
J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2004; 45(4): 716 - 728.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
H. B. Brewer Jr.
High-Density Lipoproteins: A New Potential Therapeutic Target for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, March 1, 2004; 24(3): 387 - 391.
[Full Text]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
O. Kocher, A. Yesilaltay, C. Cirovic, R. Pal, A. Rigotti, and M. Krieger
Targeted Disruption of the PDZK1 Gene in Mice Causes Tissue-specific Depletion of the High Density Lipoprotein Receptor Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I and Altered Lipoprotein Metabolism
J. Biol. Chem., December 26, 2003; 278(52): 52820 - 52825.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
W. Zhang, P. G. Yancey, Y. R. Su, V. R. Babaev, Y. Zhang, S. Fazio, and M. F. Linton
Inactivation of Macrophage Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I Promotes Atherosclerotic Lesion Development in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice
Circulation, November 4, 2003; 108(18): 2258 - 2263.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. R. Witting, J. N. Maiorano, and W. S. Davidson
Ceramide Enhances Cholesterol Efflux to Apolipoprotein A-I by Increasing the Cell Surface Presence of ATP-binding Cassette Transporter A1
J. Biol. Chem., October 10, 2003; 278(41): 40121 - 40127.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
L. Calabresi, M. Gomaraschi, and G. Franceschini
Endothelial Protection by High-Density Lipoproteins: From Bench to Bedside
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2003; 23(10): 1724 - 1731.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
C. Bergt, J. F. Oram, and J. W. Heinecke
Oxidized HDL: The Paradox-idation of Lipoproteins
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, September 1, 2003; 23(9): 1488 - 1490.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
S. D. Covey, M. Krieger, W. Wang, M. Penman, and B. L. Trigatti
Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I-Mediated Protection Against Atherosclerosis in LDL Receptor-Negative Mice Involves Its Expression in Bone Marrow-Derived Cells
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, September 1, 2003; 23(9): 1589 - 1594.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
C. L. Wellington, L. R. Brunham, S. Zhou, R. R. Singaraja, H. Visscher, A. Gelfer, C. Ross, E. James, G. Liu, M. T. Huber, et al.
Alterations of plasma lipids in mice via adenoviral-mediated hepatic overexpression of human ABCA1
J. Lipid Res., August 1, 2003; 44(8): 1470 - 1480.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
R. R. Singaraja, L. R. Brunham, H. Visscher, J. J.P. Kastelein, and M. R. Hayden
Efflux and Atherosclerosis: The Clinical and Biochemical Impact of Variations in the ABCA1 Gene
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, August 1, 2003; 23(8): 1322 - 1332.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Endocr. Rev.Home page
A. Rigotti, H. E. Miettinen, and M. Krieger
The Role of the High-Density Lipoprotein Receptor SR-BI in the Lipid Metabolism of Endocrine and Other Tissues
Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2003; 24(3): 357 - 387.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
C. Joyce, L. Freeman, H. B. Brewer Jr, and S. Santamarina-Fojo
Study of ABCA1 Function in Transgenic Mice
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 2003; 23(6): 965 - 971.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
A. R. Tall
ATVB In Focus: Role of ABCA1 in Cellular Cholesterol Efflux and Reverse Cholesterol Transport
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2003; 23(5): 710 - 711.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
P. G. Yancey, A. E. Bortnick, G. Kellner-Weibel, M. de la Llera-Moya, M. C. Phillips, and G. H. Rothblat
Importance of Different Pathways of Cellular Cholesterol Efflux
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2003; 23(5): 712 - 719.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
A. T. Lada, L. L. Rudel, and R. W. St. Clair
Effects of LDL enriched with different dietary fatty acids on cholesteryl ester accumulation and turnover in THP-1 macrophages
J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2003; 44(4): 770 - 779.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Clin. Chem.Home page
P. S. Woll, N. Q. Hanson, and M. Y. Tsai
Absence of ABCA1 Mutations in Individuals with Low Serum HDL-Cholesterol
Clin. Chem., March 1, 2003; 49(3): 521 - 522.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
R. E. Temel, J. S. Parks, and D. L. Williams
Enhancement of Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I-mediated Selective Cholesteryl Ester Uptake from apoA-I-/- High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) by Apolipoprotein A-I Requires HDL Reorganization by Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase
J. Biol. Chem., February 7, 2003; 278(7): 4792 - 4799.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
F. Basso, L. Freeman, C. L. Knapper, A. Remaley, J. Stonik, E. B. Neufeld, T. Tansey, M. J. A. Amar, J. Fruchart-Najib, N. Duverger, et al.
Role of the hepatic ABCA1 transporter in modulating intrahepatic cholesterol and plasma HDL cholesterol concentrations
J. Lipid Res., February 1, 2003; 44(2): 296 - 302.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
M. A. Connelly, G. Kellner-Weibel, G. H. Rothblat, and D. L. Williams
SR-BI-directed HDL-cholesteryl ester hydrolysis
J. Lipid Res., February 1, 2003; 44(2): 331 - 341.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
P. Gargalovic and L. Dory
Caveolins and macrophage lipid metabolism
J. Lipid Res., January 1, 2003; 44(1): 11 - 21.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
G. Cao, T. P. Beyer, X. P. Yang, R. J. Schmidt, Y. Zhang, W. R. Bensch, R. F. Kauffman, H. Gao, T. P. Ryan, Y. Liang, et al.
Phospholipid Transfer Protein Is Regulated by Liver X Receptors in Vivo
J. Biol. Chem., October 11, 2002; 277(42): 39561 - 39565.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
B. G. Brown, M. C. Cheung, A. C. Lee, X.-Q. Zhao, and A. Chait
Antioxidant Vitamins and Lipid Therapy: End of a Long Romance?
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2002; 22(10): 1535 - 1546.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
H. Hyogo, S. Roy, B. Paigen, and D. E. Cohen
Leptin Promotes Biliary Cholesterol Elimination during Weight Loss in ob/ob Mice by Regulating the Enterohepatic Circulation of Bile Salts
J. Biol. Chem., September 6, 2002; 277(37): 34117 - 34124.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
C.-a. Wu, M. Tsujita, K. Okumura-Noji, S. Usui, H. Kakuuchi, M. Okazaki, and S. Yokoyama
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Expressed in Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase-Deficient Mice
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, August 1, 2002; 22(8): 1347 - 1353.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
R. E. Temel, R. L. Walzem, C. L. Banka, and D. L. Williams
Apolipoprotein A-I Is Necessary for the in Vivo Formation of High Density Lipoprotein Competent for Scavenger Receptor BI-mediated Cholesteryl Ester-selective Uptake
J. Biol. Chem., July 12, 2002; 277(29): 26565 - 26572.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
M. E. Brousseau, J. J. O'Connor Jr, J. M. Ordovas, D. Collins, J. D. Otvos, T. Massov, J. R. McNamara, H. B. Rubins, S. J. Robins, and E. J. Schaefer
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein TaqI B2B2 Genotype Is Associated With Higher HDL Cholesterol Levels and Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease End Points in Men With HDL Deficiency: Veterans Affairs HDL Cholesterol Intervention Trial
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, July 1, 2002; 22(7): 1148 - 1154.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
H. A. Feister, B. J. Auerbach, L. A. Cole, B. R. Krause, and S. K. Karathanasis
Identification of an IL-6 response element in the human LCAT promoter
J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2002; 43(6): 960 - 970.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
A. Hockerstedt, M. J. Tikkanen, and M. Jauhiainen
LCAT facilitates transacylation of 17{beta}-estradiol in the presence of HDL3 subfraction
J. Lipid Res., March 1, 2002; 43(3): 392 - 397.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
J. W. Furbee Jr., O. Francone, and J. S. Parks
In vivo contribution of LCAT to apolipoprotein B lipoprotein cholesteryl esters in LDL receptor and apolipoprotein E knockout mice
J. Lipid Res., March 1, 2002; 43(3): 428 - 437.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
J. M. Baez, S. E. Barbour, and D. E. Cohen
Phosphatidylcholine Transfer Protein Promotes Apolipoprotein A-I-mediated Lipid Efflux in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells
J. Biol. Chem., February 15, 2002; 277(8): 6198 - 6206.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
J. W. Furbee Jr., J. K. Sawyer, and J. S. Parks
Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency Increases Atherosclerosis in the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor and Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice
J. Biol. Chem., January 25, 2002; 277(5): 3511 - 3519.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
J. W. Chisholm, E. R. Burleson, G. S. Shelness, and J. S. Parks
ApoA-I secretion from HepG2 cells: evidence for the secretion of both lipid-poor apoA-I and intracellularly assembled nascent HDL
J. Lipid Res., January 1, 2002; 43(1): 36 - 44.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
M. S. van der Gaag, A. van Tol, S. H. F. Vermunt, L. M. Scheek, G. Schaafsma, and H. F. J. Hendriks
Alcohol consumption stimulates early steps in reverse cholesterol transport
J. Lipid Res., December 1, 2001; 42(12): 2077 - 2083.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. E. Panagotopulos, E. M. Horace, J. N. Maiorano, and W. S. Davidson
Apolipoprotein A-I Adopts a Belt-like Orientation in Reconstituted High Density Lipoproteins
J. Biol. Chem., November 9, 2001; 276(46): 42965 - 42970.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
A. D. Attie, J. P. Kastelein, and M. R. Hayden
Pivotal role of ABCA1 in reverse cholesterol transport influencing HDL levels and susceptibility to atherosclerosis
J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2001; 42(11): 1717 - 1726.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
J. W. Furbee Jr., O. Francone, and J. S. Parks
Alteration of plasma HDL cholesteryl ester composition with transgenic expression of a point mutation (E149A) of human LCAT
J. Lipid Res., October 1, 2001; 42(10): 1626 - 1635.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
W. Khovidhunkit, A. H. Moser, J. K. Shigenaga, C. Grunfeld, and K. R. Feingold
Regulation of scavenger receptor class B type I in hamster liver and Hep3B cells by endotoxin and cytokines
J. Lipid Res., October 1, 2001; 42(10): 1636 - 1644.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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StrokeHome page
E. B. Mathiesen, K. H. Bonaa, and O. Joakimsen
Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Are Associated With Echolucent Carotid Artery Plaques: The Tromso Study
Stroke, September 1, 2001; 32(9): 1960 - 1965.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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