J. Lipid Res.  Neurobiology of Lipids (ISSN1683-5506)
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A more recent version of this article appeared on March 1, 2004

Papers In Press, published online ahead of print December 16, 2003
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.D300030-JLR200
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Submitted on October 1, 2003
Revised on December 2, 2003
Accepted on December 4, 2003

Microwave-mediated analysis for sugar, fatty acid and sphingoid compositions of glycosphingolipids

Saki Itonori, Masato Takahashi, Tomonori Kitamura, Kazuhiro Aoki, John T. Dulaney, and Mutsumi Sugita

Dept. of Chemistry, Shiga University, Otsu, Shiga 520-0862

Corresponding Author: itonori{at}sue.shiga-u.ac.jp

For chemical characterization of glycosphingolipids, it is necessary to determine the chemical compositions of three constituents, i.e. sugars, fatty acids and sphingolipids. A new rapid analytical method is described using a one-pot reaction in a household microwave oven, producing sugars, fatty acids, and especially sphingoids free of by-products, from a single aliquot of a biological sample. Glycosphingolipids were hydrolyzed by microwave exposure with 0.1 M NaOH/CH3OH for 2 min followed by 1 M HCl/CH3OH for 45 sec. The alkaline methanolysis step produced intermediate lysoglycosphingolipids virtually free of by-products such as the O-methyl ethers usually seen. The fatty acid methyl esters were extracted with n-hexane, and other reaction products were dried, taken up in aqueous alkaline methanol, and shaken with chloroform. Sphingoids partitioned into the organic phase under these conditions, while the sugar portion that partitioned into the aqueous phase was re-N-acetylated and re-methanolyzed for 30 sec by microwave exposure. Analysis of the profiles of glycosphingolipid constituents using the microwave oven method showed that they were quantitatively and qualitatively comparable to those obtained by time-consuming conventional methods, which require reaction for several hours. Analysis of the three constituents, including analysis by gas chromatography, may be obtained within one day using the method described here.


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