gamma -Tocotrienol, a vitamin E homologue, is a natriuretic hormone precursor

doi:10.1194/jlr.M300061-JLR200

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A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2003

Papers In Press, published online ahead of print May 1, 2003
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M300061-JLR200

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Submitted on February 4, 2003
Revised on April 30, 2003
Accepted on May 1, 2003

$gamma$ -Tocotrienol, a vitamin E homologue, is a natriuretic hormone precursor

Hisako Saito, Chikako Kiyose, Hiroyuki Yoshimura, Tadahiko Ueda, Kazuo Kondo, and Osamu Igarashi

Institute of Environmental Science for Human Life, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610

Corresponding Author: hisakosaito{at}hotmail.com

2,7,8-Trimethyl-2-(beta-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman (gamma-CEHC), a metabolite of gamma-tocopherol and gamma-tocotrienol, was identified as a new endogenous natriuretic factor. However, gamma-tocopherol and gamma-tocotrienol, both precursors of gamma-CEHC, have never directly been observed to have natriuretic potency. Thus, we investigated if gamma-tocotrienol could cause natriuresis and diuresis in rats. The rats were divided to two groups given a control or a high sodium diet for four weeks, then subdivided to a placebo and gamma-tocotrienol subgroup given only corn oil removed vitamin E and the oil supplemented gamma-tocotrienol, respectively. After oral administration of three experimental doses, rat urine was collected and gamma-CEHC, urine volume, sodium and potassium content were determined. Only in rats given a high NaCl diet did gamma-tocotrienol accelerate and increase sodium excretion, showing no effect on potassium excretion. Sodium excretion in the high NaCl group given gamma-tocotrienol showed 5.06 ± 2.70 g/ d, while in the control group given gamma-tocotrienol was 0.11 ± 0.06 g/ d. Furthermore, gamma-tocotrienol affected urine volume in the specific condition of high NaCl body stores and gamma-tocotrienol supplementation. In this study, we found that gamma-tocotrienol, one of the natural vitamin E homologues, stimulates sodium excretion in vivo suggesting that gamma-tocotrienol possesses a hormone-like natriuretic function.

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