J. Lipid Res.
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A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2003

Papers In Press, published online ahead of print September 1, 2003
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M300181-JLR200
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Submitted on April 30, 2003
Revised on July 25, 2003
Accepted on August 19, 2003

Effect of therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) diet on immune functions of moderately hypercholesterolemic humans

Sung Nim Han, Lynette S. Leka, Alice H. Lichtenstein, Lynne M. Ausman, and Simin N. Meydani

Department of Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111

Corresponding Author: simin.meydani{at}tufts.edu

Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for coronary heart diseases (CHD) and also could contribute to the impaired immune response. The National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel recommends Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet to reduce risk for CHD. We investigated the effects of changing from a high-fat western diet to a low fat diet in accordance with TLC diet on immune functions of older adults with hypercholesterolemia to determine whether improving lipid profile via dietary intervention would have beneficial effects on immune functions. In a double blind study, eighteen subjects consumed both a Western diet (38% fat) and TLC diet (28% fat) for 32 days in a randomized order. Measures of cellular immune responses, including delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation, and interleukin (IL)-2 production, and production of proinflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-a, IL-6, IL-1b, and prostaglandinE2 were determined. DTH response and lymphocyte proliferative response increased significantly (29% and 27%, respectively) after consumption of TLC diet. Our results indicate that consumption of a TLC diet enhances T cell-mediated immune functions in older adults with elevated cholesterol level. This might be a clinically important benefit considering the decline of T cell-mediated immune functions with aging and evidence of impaired immune function associated with hypercholesterolemia.


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