Visceral fat accumulation determines postprandial lipemic response, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and endothelial dysfunction in non-obese Korean men

Yangsoo Jang, Oh Yoen Kim, Ha Jung Ryu, Ji Young Kim, Sang Hoon Song, Jose M Ordovas, and Jong Ho Lee

Nutrition & Genomics, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111

Corresponding Author: jose.ordovas{at}tufts.edu

Visceral fat has been associated with multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The aim of this study was to identify anthropometrical measures most closely associated with some well-known CVD risk factors. Because most Asians at risk have normal body mass index (BMI) according to Western standards, we studied healthy non-obese Korean males (n=102; age: 36.5±0.8 yrs, BMI: 23.8±0.2 kg/m2). Visceral fat area (VFA) at the L4 vertebra was associated with increased postprandial triglyceride (TG) response (r=0.53, p<0.001) and with plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) (r=0.36, p<0.01) and PGF2a(r=0.24, p<0.05). When matched for BMI and age, men with high VFA (³100cm2; n=27) had higher blood pressure (p<0.01), increased consumption of cigarettes (p<0.01) and lower ratio of energy expenditure to calorie intake (p<0.01), as compared with low VFA men (<100cm2; n=27). Men with high VFA showed higher TG, glucose and insulin responses following fat and oral glucose tolerance tests respectively, higher plasma concentrations of MDA (p<0.001), urinary PGF2a (p<0.05), and higher lymphocytes DNA tail moments (p<0.01). Conversely, high VFA was associated with lower testosterone, IGF-1 and brachial artery flow mediated dilation (p<0.001). In conclusion, our data indicate that visceral fat accumulation, even in non-obese men, is a major factor contributing to increased CVD risk.

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