Relative rates of long chain conversion of 13C linoleic and alpha -linolenic acid in response to marked changes in their dietary intake in male adults

doi:10.1194/jlr.M400225-JLR200

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Relative rates of long chain conversion of ¹³C linoleic and $alpha$ -linolenic acid in response to marked changes in their dietary intake in male adults

Nahed Hussein, Eric Ah-Sing, Paul Wilkinson, Clare Leach, Bruce A. Griffin, and D. Joe Millward

School of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH

Corresponding Author: d.millward{at}surrey.ac.uk

The effect of varying the relative dietary ratios of 18:3n-3 (ALA) and 18:2n-6 (LA) for 12 weeks on their long chain conversion was studied in moderately hyper-lipidemic men in terms of changes in erythrocyte phospholipid composition and rates of U-¹³C ALA and LA to long chain products. 38 men received diets enriched with either ALA (17g/d) from flaxseed oil (FXO) and LA (17g/d) from sunflower oil (SO). The FXO diet induced increases in ALA ( >3-fold), 20:5n-3 (EPA, >2 fold) and 22:5n-3 (DPA, 50%) in phospholipids but no change in 22:6n-3 (DHA), LA or 20:4n-6 (AA). The increases in EPA and DPA but not DHA were similar to those in a third group of subjects (n=19) given the SO diet enriched with 3g EPA plus DHA from fish-oil. The SO diet induced a small increase in LA, but no change in AA. Conversion of [U-¹³C] ALA and LA tracers was examined in subsets from the FXO (n=6) and SO (n=5) diets. After adjusting for dietary differences in tracee pool sizes and consequent variable tracer dilution, long chain conversion, calculated from peak plasma ¹³C concentrations was similar for the two tracers and low: i.e. AA (0.2%), EPA(0.3%) and DPA (0.02%). Conversion appeared to vary directly with precursor concentrations and inversely with concentrations of fatty acids of the alternative series. ¹³C-DHA formation was very low (<0.01%) with no dietary influences.

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Relative rates of long chain conversion of 13C linoleic and -linolenic acid in response to marked changes in their dietary intake in male adults

Relative rates of long chain conversion of ¹³C linoleic and $alpha$ -linolenic acid in response to marked changes in their dietary intake in male adults