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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print September 17, 2004 J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M400317-JLR200
Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
Corresponding Author: nss5{at}columbia.edu
Presenilin-1 is an important determinant of the gamma-secretase activity necessary for the generation of beta-amyloid, likely the central pathogenic molecule in Alzheimers Disease. Most presenilin is rapidly degraded and determinants of the level of the active cleaved form are unknown. We examined the influence of fatty acids on presenilin-1 levels and gamma-secretase activity using stably transfected CHO cells that express human presenilin-1 and the human amyloid precursor protein. Cells cultured with 0.4 mM oleic acid, with 0.1 mM linoleic acid, or with a triglyceride emulsion expressed increased presenilin-1 and beta-amyloid. This effect was independent of any secondary increase in cellular cholesterol. Cells cultured in 0.4 mM oleic acid also exhibited significantly increased gamma-secretase activity. Presenilin-1 mRNA levels were unchanged and pulse-chase experiments indicated that oleic acid slowed presenilin holoprotein degradation. Non-transfected human neuroblastoma cells also showed increased presenilin when cultured in 0.4 mM oleic acid. Lipids may be important biological determinants of presenilin-1 level and gamma-secretase activity.
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