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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print October 2, 2006
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Department of Medicine, Section of Atherosclerosis and Lipoprotein Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
Corresponding Author: cyang{at}bcm.tmc.edu
A highly electronegative fraction of human plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL) designated L5, has distinctive biological activity that includes induction of apoptosis in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). This study was performed to identify a relationship between LDL density, electronegativity, and biological activity, namely, induction of apoptosis in BAEC. Plasma LDL from normolipidemic subjects and homozygotic familial hypercholesterolemic (FH) subjects were separated into five subfractions, with increasing electronegativity from L1 to L5, and into seven subfractions according to increasing density, D1 to D7. L1 and L5 were also separated according to density and D1 to D7 were separated according to charge. The density profiles of L1 to L5 were similar (dmax=1.030 ± 0.002 g/mL). Induction of apoptosis by all seven density subfractions was confined to the highly electronegative fraction, L5, and within each density subfraction, the magnitude of apoptosis correlated with the L5 content. Electronegative LDL is heterogeneous with respect to density and composition, and induction of apoptosis is more strongly associated with LDL electronegativity than with LDL size or density.
Revised on October 2, 2006
Accepted on October 2, 2006
Electronegative LDL from familial hypercholesterolemic patients are physico-chemically heterogeneous but uniformly proapoptotic
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