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J. Lipid Res.
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A more recent version of this article appeared on September 1, 2006

Papers In Press, published online ahead of print June 25, 2006
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M600185-JLR200
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Submitted on April 26, 2006
Revised on June 9, 2006
Accepted on June 25, 2006

Characterisation of the human patatin-like phospholipase family

Paul A. Wilson, Scott D. Gardner, Natalie M. Lambie, Stephane A. Commans, and Daniel J. Crowther

Bioinformatics Discovery & Analysis, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, England SG1 2NY

Corresponding Author: paw84313{at}gsk.com

Several publications have described biological roles for human patatin-like phospholipases (PNPLA) in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation. Here we report on the characterisation and expression profiling of ten human patatin-like phospholipases. A variety of Bioinformatics approaches were used to identify and characterise all patatin-like phospholipases encoded by the human genome. The genes described represent a divergent family, most with a highly conserved orthologue in several mammalian species. In silico characterisation predicts that two of the genes function as integral membrane proteins and are regulated by cAMP/cGMP. A structurally-guided protein alignment of the patatin-like domain identifies a number of conserved residues in all family members. Quantitative PCR was utilised to determine the expression profile of each family member. Affymetrix-based profiling of a human pre-adipocyte cell line identified several members that are differentially regulated during cell differentiation. Cumulative data suggests that patatin-like genes normally expressed at very low levels are induced in response to environmental signals. Given the observed conservation of the patatin fold and lipase motif in all human patatin-like phospholipases, a single nomenclature to describe a PNPLA family is proposed.


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