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A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2007
Papers In Press, published online ahead of print May 1, 2007
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M700029-JLR200
Submitted on January 18, 2007
Revised on April 12, 2007
Accepted on May 1, 2007
Ezetimibe interferes with cholesterol trafficking from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum in CaCo-2 cells
F. Jeffrey Field, Kim Watt, and Satya N. Mathur
Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
Corresponding Author: f-jeffrey-field{at}uiowa.edu
NPC1L1 is the putative intestinal sterol transporter and the molecular target of ezetimibe, a potent inhibitor of cholesterol absorption. To address the role of NPC1L1 in cholesterol trafficking in intestine, the regulation of cholesterol trafficking by ezetimibe was studied in the human intestinal cell line, CaCo-2. Ezetimibe caused only a modest decrease in the uptake of micellar cholesterol but markedly prevented its esterification. Cholesterol trafficking from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum was profoundly disrupted by ezetimibe without altering the trafficking of cholesterol from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. Cholesterol oxidase-accessible cholesterol at the apical membrane was increased by ezetimibe. Cholesterol synthesis was modestly increased. Although the amount of cholesteryl esters secreted at the basolateral membrane was markedly decreased by ezetimibe, the transport of lipids and the number of lipoprotein particles secreted were not altered. NPC1L1 gene and protein expression were decreased by sterol influx, whereas cholesterol depletion enhanced NPC1L1 gene and protein expression. The results suggest that NPC1L1 plays a role in cholesterol uptake and cholesterol trafficking from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum. Interfering with its function will profoundly decrease the amount of cholesterol transported into lymph.

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