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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print April 1, 2004
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.R400001-JLR200
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Med/ Cardio, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679
Corresponding Author: mnavab{at}mednet.ucla.edu
For more than two decades, there has been continuing evidence of lipid oxidation playing a central role in atherogenesis. The oxidation hypothesis of atherogenesis has evolved to focus on specific pro-inflammatory oxidized phospholipids, which result from the oxidation of LDL phospholipids containing arachidonic acid, and which are recognized by the innate immune system in animals and humans. These oxidized phospholipids are largely generated by potent oxidants produced by the lipoxygenase and myeloperoxidase pathways. The failure of anti-oxidant vitamins to influence clinical outcomes may have many explanations including the inability of vitamin E to prevent the formation of these oxidized phospholipids and other lipid oxidation products of the myeloperoxidase pathway. Preliminary data suggest that the oxidation hypothesis of atherogenesis and the reverse cholesterol transport hypothesis of atherogenesis may have a common biological basis. The levels of specific oxidized lipids in plasma and lipoproteins, the levels of antibodies to these lipids, and the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory properties of HDL may be useful markers of susceptibility to atherogenesis. ApoA-I and apoA-I mimetic peptides may promote both a reduction in oxidized lipids and enhance reverse cholesterol transport and therefore may have therapeutic potential.
Revised on March 24, 2004
Accepted on March 25, 2004
The oxidation hypothesis of atherogenesis: The role of oxidized phospholipids and HDL
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A. J. Lusis, A. M. Fogelman, and G. C. Fonarow Genetic Basis of Atherosclerosis: Part II: Clinical Implications Circulation, October 5, 2004; 110(14): 2066 - 2071. [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. J. Lusis, A. M. Fogelman, and G. C. Fonarow Genetic Basis of Atherosclerosis: Part I: New Genes and Pathways Circulation, September 28, 2004; 110(13): 1868 - 1873. [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Tsimikas, J. L. Witztum, E. R. Miller, W. J. Sasiela, M. Szarek, A. G. Olsson, G. G. Schwartz, and for the Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggress High-Dose Atorvastatin Reduces Total Plasma Levels of Oxidized Phospholipids and Immune Complexes Present on Apolipoprotein B-100 in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes in the MIRACL Trial Circulation, September 14, 2004; 110(11): 1406 - 1412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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