Submitted on May 23, 2007
Revised on August 13, 2007
Accepted on August 13, 2007
HDL serves as an S1P signaling platform mediating a multitude of cardiovascular effects
Kelley M. Argraves and W. Scott Argraves
Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
Corresponding Author: argravek{at}musc.edu
The lysosphingolipid, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), is a component of high density lipoproteins (HDL). Findings from a growing number of studies indicate that S1P is a mediator of many of the cardiovascular effects of HDL including the ability to promote vasodilation, vasoconstriction, angiogenesis, protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury and inhibit/reverse atherosclerosis. These latter cardioprotective effects are being shown to involve S1P-mediated suppression of inflammatory processes including reduction of endothelial expression of monocyte and lymphocyte adhesion molecules, decreased recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells to sites of infarction as well as blocking of cardiomyocyte apoptosis following myocardial infarction. This review article summarizes the evidence that S1P as a component of HDL serves to regulate vascular cell and lymphocyte behaviors associated with cardiovascular (patho)physiology.
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