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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 42, 571-580, April 2001
Copyright © 2001 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Original Article

Enhanced dietary fat clearance in postobese women

Correspondence to: Katherine Cianflone, To whom correspondence should be addressed., mdkc{at}musica.mcgill.ca (E-mail)

The objective of this study was to examine the postprandial response to an exogenous fat source in eight weight-stable postobese subjects (2;–3 years after gastric bypass) and eight matched control women, using a stable isotope, [¹³C]oleate. After a high fat breakfast meal (1,062 cal, 67% fat), [¹³C]oleate in triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins (S_f >400 and S_f 20;–400) and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and ¹³C in breath CO₂, were monitored over 8 h. There were no differences in resting energy expenditure, thermic effect of food, carbohydrate/fat oxidation ratio, breath ¹³CO₂ enrichment, or fecal fat content between postobese and control subjects. Postprandially, there was no difference in S_f 20;–400 TG or NEFA, but postobese subjects had lower S_f >400 incremental area under the curve (AUC) (– 33%, P < 0.0025) and glucose [P < 0.01 by repeated measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA)]. Postprandial ¹³C in S_f >400 TG returned to fasting levels 4 h earlier in postobese subjects and was lower than in control subjects at 4 and 6 h (P < 0.05 by RM ANOVA). The greatest difference was in the [¹³C]NEFA profiles. In control subjects [¹³C]NEFA increased markedly over 8 h; postobese subject [¹³C]NEFA remained close to fasting nonenriched values, and was strikingly lower than in control subjects (72% lower by AUC, P < 0.0001 by RM ANOVA). Finally, postobese subjects tended to have lower postprandial insulin (P < 0.01, 4 h), lower postprandial acylation-stimulating protein, and lower fasting leptin (-46%, P < 0.02).

This study demonstrates clear metabolic differences in exogenous dietary fat partitioning in postobese women. These findings are compatible with an increased efficiency of dietary fat storage and suggest one possible mechanism for promotion of weight regain in postobese individuals. — Faraj, M., P. Jones, A. D. Sniderman, and K. Cianflone. Enhanced dietary fat clearance in postobese women. J. Lipid Res. 2001. 42: 571;–580.

Supplementary key words: triglyceride, C3adesArg, stable isotope, [¹³C]oleate, nonesterified fatty acid, insulin, leptin

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