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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 1763-1769, November 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Thematic Review

Endothelial lipase

Sungshin Y. Choi^1,*, Ken-ichi Hirata^**, Tatsuro Ishida, Thomas Quertermous and Allen D. Cooper^*,

^* Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94301
Division of Gastroenterology, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305
Division of Cardiology, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305
^** Division of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: chois{at}pamfri.org

Endothelial lipase (EL) is a newly described member of the triglyceride lipase gene family. It has a considerable molecular homology with lipoprotein lipase (LPL) (44%) and hepatic lipase (HL) (41%). Unlike LPL and HL, this enzyme is synthesized by endothelial cells and functions at the site where it is synthesized. Furthermore, its tissue distribution is different from that of LPL and HL. As a lipase, EL has primarily phospholipase A1 activity. Animals that overexpress EL showed reduced HDL cholesterol levels. Conversely, animals that are deficient in EL showed a marked elevation in HDL cholesterol levels, suggesting that it plays a physiologic role in HDL metabolism. Unlike LPL and HL, EL is located in the vascular endothelial cells and its expression is highly regulated by cytokines and physical forces, suggesting that it may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. However, there is only a limited amount of information available about this enzyme.

Some of our unpublished data in addition to previously published data support the possibility that the enzyme plays a role in the formation of atherosclerotic lesion.

Abbreviations: EL, endothelial lipase; HCAEC, human coronary aorta endothelial cells; HL, hepatic lipase; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; oxLDL, oxidized LDL

Supplementary key words endothelium • lipoprotein lipase • hepatic lipase • phospholipase • regulation • cytokines • HDL • atherosclerosis

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