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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print November 1, 2002
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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 1809-1817, November 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.
agonist rosiglitazone
* Lipomics Technologies, Inc., 2545 Boatman Ave., West Sacramento, CA 95691
The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St., Bar Harbor, ME
Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: steve.watkins{at}lipomics.com
Successful therapy for chronic diseases must normalize a targeted aspect of metabolism without disrupting the regulation of other metabolic pathways essential for maintaining health. Use of a limited number of single molecule surrogates for disease, or biomarkers, to monitor the efficacy of a therapy may fail to predict undesirable side effects. In this study, a comprehensive metabolomic assessment of lipid metabolites was employed to determine the specific effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 
(PPAR) agonist rosiglitazone on structural lipid metabolism in a new mouse model of Type 2 diabetes. Dietary supplementation with rosiglitazone (200 mg/kg diet) suppressed Type 2 diabetes in obese (NZO x NON)F1 male mice, but chronic treatment markedly exacerbated hepatic steatosis. The metabolomic data revealed that rosiglitazone i) induced hypolipidemia (by dysregulating liver–plasma lipid exchange), ii) induced de novo fatty acid synthesis, iii) decreased the biosynthesis of lipids within the peroxisome, iv) substantially altered free fatty acid and cardiolipin metabolism in heart, and v) elicited an unusual accumulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids within adipose tissue. These observations suggest that the phenotypes induced by rosiglitazone are mediated by multiple tissue-specific metabolic variables.
Because many of the effects of rosiglitazone on tissue metabolism were reflected in the plasma lipid metabolome, metabolomics has excellent potential for developing clinical assessments of metabolic response to drug therapy.
Abbreviations: PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ; TZD, thiazolidinedione
Supplementary key words diabetes • lipid metabolism • metabolomics • steatosis • peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor • mouse
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