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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 2127-2134, November 2003
Copyright © 2003 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Comparison of the expression and activity of the lipogenic pathway in human and rat adipose tissue

Dominique Letexier^*, Claudie Pinteur^*, Valérie Large^*, Vincent Fréring and Michel Beylot^1,

^* INSERM U 499, Faculté RTH Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France
Clinique de la Sauvegarde, Hôpital E. Herriot, 69003, Lyon, France
Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Hôpital E. Herriot, 69003, Lyon, France

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: beylot{at}laennec.univ-lyon1.fr

Lipogenesis is considered less active in human than in rat adipose tissue. This could be explained by different nutritional conditions, namely high-carbohydrate (HCHO) diet in rats and high-fat (HF) diet in humans. Adipose tissue was sampled (postabsorptive state) in rats and humans receiving HCHO or HF diets, ad libitum fed humans, and obese subjects. We measured 1) mRNA concentrations of fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), and carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), 2) SREBP-1c protein, and 3) FAS activity. FAS, ACC1, ChREBP, and SREBP1-c mRNA concentrations were unaffected by diet in humans or in rats. FAS and ACC1 mRNA levels were lower in humans than in rats (P < 0.05). FAS activity was unaffected by diet and was lower in humans (P < 0.05). SREBP-1c mRNA concentrations were similar in rats and humans, but the precursor and mature forms of SREBP-1c protein were less abundant in humans (P < 0.05). ChREBP mRNA concentrations were lower in humans than in rats.

In conclusion, the lipogenic capacity of adipose tissue is lower in humans than in rats. This is not related to differences in diet and is probably explained by lower abundance of SREBP-1c protein. A decreased expression of ChREBP could also play a role.

Supplementary key words sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c • carbohydrate response element binding protein • fatty acid synthase • messenger ribonucleic acid • acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 • stable isotopes

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