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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 2135-2141, November 2003
Copyright © 2003 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Differential effects of coconut oil- and fish oil-enriched diets on tricarboxylate carrier in rat liver mitochondria

Anna Maria Giudetti, Simona Sabetta, Roberta di Summa, Monica Leo, Fabrizio Damiano, Luisa Siculella and Gabriele V. Gnoni¹

Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Laboratorio di Biochimica, Università di Lecce, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: gabriele.gnoni{at}unile.it

The mitochondrial tricarboxylate carrier (TCC) plays an important role in lipogenesis being TCC-responsible for the efflux from the mitochondria to the cytosol of acetyl-CoA, the primer for fatty acid synthesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of two high-fat diets with different fatty acid composition on the hepatic TCC activity. Rats were fed for 3 weeks on a basal diet supplemented with 15% of either coconut oil (CO), abundant in medium-chain saturated fatty acids, or fish oil (FO), rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Mitochondrial fatty acid composition was differently influenced by the dietary treatments, while no appreciable change in phospholipid composition and cholesterol level was observed. Compared with CO, the TCC activity was markedly decreased in liver mitochondria from FO-fed rats; kinetic analysis of the carrier revealed a decrease of the V_max, with no change of the K_m. No difference in the Arrhenius plot between the two groups was observed. Interestingly, the carrier protein level and the corresponding mRNA abundance decreased following FO treatment.

These data indicate that FO administration markedly decreased the TCC activity as compared with CO. This effect is most likely due to a reduced gene expression of the carrier protein.

Abbreviations: 1,2,3-BTA, 1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic acid; BF₃, boron trifluoride; FAME, fatty acid methyl ester; TCC, tricarboxylate carrier

Supplementary key words cholesterol • fatty acids • lipogenesis • lipogenic gene regulation • phospholipids • n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid • saturated fat

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