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J. Lipid Res.
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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.M300180-JLR200 on July 1, 2003

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 2297-2303, December 2003
Copyright © 2003 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Phosphatidylcholine-enriched diet prevents gallstone formation in mice susceptible to cholelithiasis

Joelle Kasbo*,{dagger}, Beatriz Tuchweber{dagger}, Shahid Perwaiz*,{dagger}, Guylaine Bouchard{dagger}, Huguette Lafont§, Nicole Domingo§, Francoise Chanussot§ and Ibrahim M. Yousef1,*,{dagger}

* Departments of Pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
{dagger} Centre de Recherche, de l'Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Canada
§ Unite 476-INSERM, Nutrition Humaine et Lipides, Facultè de Medicine 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex, France

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: ibrahim.yousef{at}umontreal.ca

Cholesterol gallstones affect approximately 10–15% of the adult population in North America. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is considered to be the main cholesterol solubilizer in bile. This study examined the effect of a PC-enriched diet on gallstone incidence in mice susceptible to cholelithiasis. The result obtained showed that the feeding of a lithogenic (LG) diet for 4 weeks or 8 weeks resulted in cholesterol gallstone incidences of 47% and 89%, respectively. These gallstone incidences were either reduced or prevented when the LG diet was enriched with 2% or 6% PC, respectively. The cholesterol saturation index (CSI) was reduced only in mice fed with LG + 6% PC diet as compared with mice fed the LG diet alone. However, in all groups, the CSI was significantly higher than in mice fed Purina chow diet. The biliary anionic polypeptide fraction (APF) was significantly increased in mice fed the LG + 2% PC diet and was reduced in those fed with LG + 6% PC diet.

In conclusion, prevention or delay of gallstone formation was not due to a consistent effect on biliary lipid composition, suggesting a direct effect of PC on cholesterol solubilization and/or the effect of an additional nonlipid biliary component such as APF.

Supplementary key words inbred mice • cholesterol saturation index • gas chromatography/mass spectrometry • electrospray tandem mass spectrometry • anionic polypeptide fractions


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