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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 464-469, March 2003
Copyright © 2003 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Plasma kinetics of a cholesterol-rich emulsion in subjects with or without coronary artery disease

Raul D. Santos^*, Whady Hueb^*, Antonio A. Oliveira, Jose A. F. Ramires^* and Raul C. Maranhão^1,*,

^* Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Heart Institute (INCOR), Medical School Hospital (InCor-HCFMUSP), and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: ramarans{at}usp.br

A cholesterol-rich emulsion (LDE) that resembles the LDL lipidic structure is taken-up by LDL receptors after intravenous injection by means of apolipoprotein E it acquires in the circulation and can be used to probe LDL metabolism. In this study, LDE was labeled with [¹⁴C]cholesteryl oleate and [³H]cholesterol and injected into 19 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and into 14 subjects without CAD to verify whether the kinetic behavior of the radioactive lipids is different in CAD. Blood was sampled over 24 h for radioactivity measurement after lipid extraction and separation by thin-layer chomatography. Fractional clearance rate (FCR, in h^-1) of [¹⁴C]cholesteryl ester was not different in CAD and nonCAD expressed as median (25%; 75%): 0.08 (0.062; 0.134) h^-1 versus 0.06 (0.04; 0.083) h^-1, P = 0.167. However, [³H]cholesterol FCR was greater in CAD than in nonCAD (mean ± SEM): 0.163 ± 0.016 h^-1 versus 0.077 ± 0.014 h^-1, P < 0.001. Esterification of the LDE [³H]cholesterol was also greater in CAD subjects than nonCAD at 10 h and 24 h after emulsion injection (P = 0.029 and 0.024 respectively). In conclusion, both removal from the plasma and esterification of the LDE-cholesterol were increased in CAD.

These findings may contribute for unraveling pro-atherogenic mechanisms and the establishment of novel CAD markers.

Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; FCR, fractional catabolic rate; LDE, cholesterol rich emulsion; TLC, thin layer chromatography

Supplementary key words cholesterol esterification • phospholipids • low density lipoprotein receptors • apolipoproteins • radioisotopes • dislipidemias • coronary heart disease

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