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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 846-853, April 2003
Copyright © 2003 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Differences in the regulation of adipose tissue and liver lipogenesis by carbohydrates in humans

Frédérique Diraison^*, Vivienne Yankah, Dominique Letexier^*, Eric Dusserre^*, Peter Jones and Michel Beylot^1,*

^* INSERM U 499 and GENALYS, Faculté RTH Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France
School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: beylot{at}laennec.univ-lyon1.fr

We assessed the contributions of human liver and adipose tissue de novo lipogenesis (DNL) to triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. Volunteers were fed a high-energy, high-carbohydrate diet (HC, n = 5) or a normocaloric diet (NC, n = 10). NC subjects remained in the fasting state (Study 1, n = 5) or received oral glucose (Study 2, n = 5) throughout the test (12 h). HC subjects remained in the fasting state (Study 3). They ingested deuterated water and [U-¹³C]acetate to trace lipogenesis. Adipose tissue fatty-acid (FA) synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), and SREBP-1c mRNA were measured. Plasma TAG-FA was labeled by ¹³C and deuterium showing active liver lipogenesis, which was stimulated (P < 0.05) by oral glucose and HC diet. Adipose tissue TAG had no detectable ¹³C enrichment in any test, showing no significant incorporation of TAG-FA provided by liver lipogenesis, but were labeled by deuterium in all tests, showing active DNL in situ; however, rough quantitative estimates showed that adipose DNL was minimal (<1 g), and poorly stimulated by oral glucose or HC diet. mRNA levels were not increased by the HC diet.

Adipose DNL is active in humans, but contributes little to TAG stores and is less responsive than liver DNL to stimulation by carbohydrates.

Supplementary key words stable isotopes • mRNA • obesity • sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c • fatty-acid synthase • acetyl-CoA carboxylase

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