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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 1071-1079, June 2003
Copyright © 2003 by Lipid Research, Inc.
Thematic Review |

,
,**
* Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
Departments of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
Pharmacology & Molecular Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
** Chemistry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: xianlin{at}pcg.wustl.edu
Lipidomics is a rapidly expanding research field in which multiple techniques are utilized to quantitate the hundreds of chemically distinct lipids in cells and determine the molecular mechanisms through which they facilitate cellular function. Recent developments in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS) have made possible, for the first time, the precise identification and quantification of alterations in a cell's lipidome after cellular perturbations. This review provides an overview of the essential role of ESI/MS in lipidomics, presents a broad strategy applicable for the generation of lipidomes directly from cellular extracts of biological samples by ESI/MS, and summarizes salient examples of strategies utilized to conquer the lipidome in physiologic signaling as well as pathophysiologically relevant disease states. Because of its unparalleled sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency, ESI/MS has provided a critical bridge to generate highly accurate data that fingerprint cellular lipidomes to facilitate insight into the functional role of subcellular membrane compartments and microdomains in mammalian cells.
We believe that ESI/MS-facilitated lipidomics has now opened a critical door that will greatly increase our understanding of human disease.
Abbreviations: AA, arachidonic acid; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ESI, electrospray ionization; FFA, free fatty acid; GalC, galactocerebroside; MS, mass spectrometry; NL, neutral loss; PC, choline glycerophospholipid; PE, ethanolamine glycerophospholipid; PlsEtn, plasmenylethanolamine; PtdCho, phosphatidylcholine; PtdEtn, phosphatidylethanolamine; PtdGro, phosphatidylglycerol; PtdIns, phosphatidylinositol; PtdSer, phosphatidylserine; SM, sphingomyelin; TAG, triacylglycerol
Supplementary key words Alzheimer's disease diabetes electrospray ionization mass spectrometry phospholipid plasmalogen platelets tandem mass spectrometry triacylglycerol
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