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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 45, 54-62, January 2004
Copyright © 2004 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Characterization of free endogenous C₁₄ and C₁₆ sphingoid bases from Drosophila melanogaster

Henrik Fyrst^*, Deron R. Herr, Greg L. Harris and Julie D. Saba^1,*

^* Children's Hospital, Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, CA 94609
Department of Biology and Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92007

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: jsaba{at}chori.org

Sphingolipid metabolites function as signaling molecules in mammalian cells, influencing cell proliferation, migration, and death. Recently, sphingolipid signaling has been implicated in the regulation of developmental processes in Drosophila melanogaster. However, biochemical analysis of endogenous Drosophila sphingoid bases has not been reported. In this study, a rapid HPLC-based method was developed for the analysis of free sphingoid bases endogenous to Drosophila. Four molecular species of endogenous free sphingoid bases were observed in adult flies and identified as C₁₄ and C₁₆ sphingosine (Sph) and C₁₄ and C₁₆ dihydrosphingosine (DHS). The C₁₄ molecular species were the most prevalent, accounting for 94% of the total free sphingoid bases in adult wild-type flies. An Sph kinase (SK) mutant demonstrated significant accumulation of all four sphingoid bases, whereas a serine palmitoyltransferase mutant demonstrated low but detectable levels. When endogenous sphingoid bases were evaluated at different stages of development, the observed ratio of Sph to DHS increased significantly from early embryo to adulthood. Throughout development, this ratio was significantly lower in the SK mutant as compared with the wild-type.

This is the first report describing analysis of free C₁₄ and C₁₆ sphingoid bases from Drosophila. The biochemical characterization of these lipids from mutant models of sphingolipid metabolism should greatly facilitate the analysis of the biological significance of these signaling molecules.

Abbreviations: DHS, dihydrosphingosine; LCB, free long-chain sphingoid base; LCBP, phosphorylated free long-chain sphingoid base; OPA, ortho-phthalaldehyde; SK, sphingosine kinase; Sph, sphingosine; SPT, serine palmitoyltransferase

Supplementary key words high performance liquid chromatography • sphingolipid • long chain sphingoid base • sphingosine • dihydrosphingosine • signaling

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