| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 45, 2161-2173, December 2004
Copyright © 2004 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Thematic Review |
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: cglass{at}ucsd.edu
The nuclear receptor superfamily is composed of transcription factors that positively and negatively regulate gene expression in response to the binding of a diverse array of lipid-derived hormones and metabolites. Intense efforts are currently being directed at defining the biological roles and mechanisms of action of liver X receptors (LXRs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). LXRs have been found to play essential roles in the regulation of whole body cholesterol absorption and excretion, in the efflux of cholesterol from peripheral cells, and in the biosynthesis and metabolism of very low density lipoproteins. PPARs have been found to regulate diverse aspects of lipid metabolism, including fatty acid oxidation, fat cell development, lipoprotein metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. Intervention studies indicate that activation of PPAR
, PPAR
, and LXRs by specific synthetic ligands can inhibit the development of atherosclerosis in animal models.
Here, we review recent studies that provide new insights into the mechanisms by which these subclasses of nuclear receptors act to systemically influence lipid and glucose metabolism and regulate gene expression within the artery wall.
Supplementary key words peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors • liver X receptors • foam cell formation
CiteULike 
Complore 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  V. Grimard, J. Massier, D. Richter, D. Schwudke, Y. Kalaidzidis, E. Fava, A. Hermetter, and C. Thiele siRNA screening reveals JNK2 as an evolutionary conserved regulator of triglyceride homeostasis J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2008; 49(11): 2427 - 2440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. I. Lefterova, Y. Zhang, D. J. Steger, M. Schupp, J. Schug, A. Cristancho, D. Feng, D. Zhuo, C. J. Stoeckert Jr., X. S. Liu, et al. PPAR{gamma} and C/EBP factors orchestrate adipocyte biology via adjacent binding on a genome-wide scale Genes & Dev., November 1, 2008; 22(21): 2941 - 2952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Montoudis, E. Seidman, F. Boudreau, J.-F. Beaulieu, D. Menard, M. Elchebly, G. Mailhot, A.-T. Sane, M. Lambert, E. Delvin, et al. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein regulates mitochondrion {beta}-oxidation and cholesterol uptake J. Lipid Res., May 1, 2008; 49(5): 961 - 972. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Duez, B. Lamarche, K. D. Uffelman, R. Valero, L. Szeto, S. Lemieux, J. S. Cohn, and G. F. Lewis Dissociation between the Insulin-Sensitizing Effect of Rosiglitazone and Its Effect on Hepatic and Intestinal Lipoprotein Production J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2008; 93(5): 1722 - 1729. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Yan, M. I. Mayranpaa, J. Wong, J. Perttila, M. Lehto, M. Jauhiainen, P. T. Kovanen, C. Ehnholm, A. J. Brown, and V. M. Olkkonen OSBP-related Protein 8 (ORP8) Suppresses ABCA1 Expression and Cholesterol Efflux from Macrophages J. Biol. Chem., January 4, 2008; 283(1): 332 - 340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Buono, Y. Li, S. W. Waldo, and H. S. Kruth Liver X receptors inhibit human monocyte-derived macrophage foam cell formation by inhibiting fluid-phase pinocytosis of LDL J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2007; 48(11): 2411 - 2418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Shen, R. MacDonald, D. Bruemmer, A. Stromberg, A. Daugherty, X.-a. Li, M. Toborek, and B. Hennig Zinc Deficiency Alters Lipid Metabolism in LDL Receptor Deficient Mice Treated with Rosiglitazone J. Nutr., November 1, 2007; 137(11): 2339 - 2345. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Zadelaar, R. Kleemann, L. Verschuren, J. de Vries-Van der Weij, J. van der Hoorn, H. M. Princen, and T. Kooistra Mouse Models for Atherosclerosis and Pharmaceutical Modifiers Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 2007; 27(8): 1706 - 1721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Lakkaraju, S. C. Finnemann, and E. Rodriguez-Boulan The lipofuscin fluorophore A2E perturbs cholesterol metabolism in retinal pigment epithelial cells PNAS, June 26, 2007; 104(26): 11026 - 11031. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Fuda, N. B. Javitt, K. Mitamura, S. Ikegawa, and C. A. Strott Oxysterols are substrates for cholesterol sulfotransferase J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2007; 48(6): 1343 - 1352. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Q. Ding, T. Jin, Z. Wang, and Y. Chen Catalase potentiates retinoic acid-induced THP-1 monocyte differentiation into macrophage through inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} J. Leukoc. Biol., June 1, 2007; 81(6): 1568 - 1576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M S Lee and R. P Choudhury Prospects for atherosclerosis regression through increase in high-density lipoprotein and other emerging therapeutic targets Heart, May 1, 2007; 93(5): 559 - 564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Nilsson, T. M. Stulnig, C.-Y. Lin, A. L. Yeo, P. Nowotny, E. T. Liu, and K. R. Steffensen Liver X Receptors Regulate Adrenal Steroidogenesis and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Feedback Mol. Endocrinol., January 1, 2007; 21(1): 126 - 137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Vanden Heuvel, J. T. Thompson, S. R. Frame, and P. J. Gillies Differential Activation of Nuclear Receptors by Perfluorinated Fatty Acid Analogs and Natural Fatty Acids: A Comparison of Human, Mouse, and Rat Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{alpha}, -{beta}, and -{gamma}, Liver X Receptor-{beta}, and Retinoid X Receptor-{alpha} Toxicol. Sci., August 1, 2006; 92(2): 476 - 489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Korf, G. Pynaert, K. Tournoy, T. Boonefaes, A. Van Oosterhout, D. Ginneberge, A. Haegeman, J. A. Verschoor, P. De Baetselier, and J. Grooten Macrophage Reprogramming by Mycolic Acid Promotes a Tolerogenic Response in Experimental Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 15, 2006; 174(2): 152 - 160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Murase, S. Haramizu, A. Shimotoyodome, I. Tokimitsu, and T. Hase Green tea extract improves running endurance in mice by stimulating lipid utilization during exercise Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 2006; 290(6): R1550 - R1556. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Zhang, X. Zhang, L. Chen, J. Wu, D. Su, W. J. Lu, M.-T. Hwang, G. Yang, S. Li, M. Wei, et al. Liver X receptor agonist TO-901317 upregulates SCD1 expression in renal proximal straight tubule Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, May 1, 2006; 290(5): F1065 - F1073. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Trogan, J. E. Feig, S. Dogan, G. H. Rothblat, V. Angeli, F. Tacke, G. J. Randolph, and E. A. Fisher Gene expression changes in foam cells and the role of chemokine receptor CCR7 during atherosclerosis regression in ApoE-deficient mice. PNAS, March 7, 2006; 103(10): 3781 - 3786. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Duffy and D. J. Rader Emerging Therapies Targeting High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Reverse Cholesterol Transport Circulation, February 28, 2006; 113(8): 1140 - 1150. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Albers, B. Blume, T. Schlueter, M. B. Wright, I. Kober, C. Kremoser, U. Deuschle, and M. Koegl A Novel Principle for Partial Agonism of Liver X Receptor Ligands: COMPETITIVE RECRUITMENT OF ACTIVATORS AND REPRESSORS J. Biol. Chem., February 24, 2006; 281(8): 4920 - 4930. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Moreau, E. Dizin, H. Ray, C. Luquain, E. Lefai, F. Foufelle, M. Billaud, G. M. Lenoir, and N. D. Venezia BRCA1 Affects Lipid Synthesis through Its Interaction with Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase J. Biol. Chem., February 10, 2006; 281(6): 3172 - 3181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. U. Naik, X. Wang, J. S. Da Silva, M. Jaye, C. H. Macphee, M. P. Reilly, J. T. Billheimer, G. H. Rothblat, and D. J. Rader Pharmacological Activation of Liver X Receptors Promotes Reverse Cholesterol Transport In Vivo Circulation, January 3, 2006; 113(1): 90 - 97. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Blaschke, Y. Takata, E. Caglayan, R. E. Law, and W. A. Hsueh Obesity, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor, and Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., January 1, 2006; 26(1): 28 - 40. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. J. Jiang, P. Kim, P. M. Elias, and K. R. Feingold LXR and PPAR activators stimulate cholesterol sulfotransferase type 2 isoform 1b in human keratinocytes J. Lipid Res., December 1, 2005; 46(12): 2657 - 2666. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. S. Hotamisligil Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Pathways in Inflammation and Origin of Obesity and Diabetes Diabetes, December 1, 2005; 54(suppl_2): S73 - S78. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Cheema, A. Agarwal-Mawal, C. M. Murray, and S. Tucker Lack of stimulation of cholesteryl ester transfer protein by cholesterol in the presence of a high-fat diet J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2005; 46(11): 2356 - 2366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J. Thompson, S. M. Ross, J. Hensley, K. Liu, S. C. Heinze, S. S. Young, and K. W. Gaido Differential Steroidogenic Gene Expression in the Fetal Adrenal Gland Versus the Testis and Rapid and Dynamic Response of the Fetal Testis to Di(n-butyl) Phthalate Biol Reprod, November 1, 2005; 73(5): 908 - 917. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Gerin, V. W. Dolinsky, J. G. Shackman, R. T. Kennedy, S.-H. Chiang, C. F. Burant, K. R. Steffensen, J.-A. Gustafsson, and O. A. MacDougald LXR{beta} Is Required for Adipocyte Growth, Glucose Homeostasis, and {beta} Cell Function J. Biol. Chem., June 17, 2005; 280(24): 23024 - 23031. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. S. Getz Bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2005; 46(4): 619 - 622. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| All ASBMB Journals | Journal of Biological Chemistry |
| Molecular and Cellular Proteomics | ASBMB Today |
