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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print January 1, 2006
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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 47, 144-153, January 2006
Copyright © 2006 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
ur Hodo
lugil*,



,
,

* Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
** Graduate Program in Biological and Medical Informatics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
The online version of this article (available at http://www.jlr.org) contains three additional tables.
Published, JLR Papers in Press, October 28, 2005.
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: rmahley{at}gladstone.ucsf.edu
The apolipoprotein A-V gene (APOA5) plays an important role in determining plasma triglyceride levels. We studied the effects of APOA5 polymorphisms on plasma triglyceride levels in Turks, a population with low levels of HDL cholesterol and a high prevalence of coronary artery disease. We found 15 polymorphisms, three of which were novel. Seven haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were chosen and genotyped in
3,000 subjects. The rare alleles of the 1464T>C, 1131T>C, S19W, and 1259T>C SNPs were significantly associated with increased triglyceride levels (1986 mg/dl; P < 0.05) and had clear gene-dose effects. Haplotype analysis of the nine common APOA5 haplotypes revealed significant effects on triglyceride levels (P < 0.001). Detailed analysis of haplotypes clearly showed that the 1464T>C polymorphism had no effect by itself but was a marker for the 1131T>C, S19W, and 1259T>C polymorphisms. The 1131T>C and 1259T>C polymorphisms were in a strong but incomplete linkage disequilibrium and appeared to have independent effects. Thus, the APOA5 1131T>C, S19W, and 1259T>C rare alleles were associated with significant increases in plasma triglyceride levels. At least one of these alleles was present in
40% of the Turks. Similar associations were observed for 1131T>C and S19W in white Americans living in San Francisco, California.
Supplementary key words Turkish population polymorphism haplotype high density lipoprotein cholesterol
Abbreviations: APOA5, apolipoprotein A-V gene; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; htSNP, haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphism; LD, linkage disequilibrium; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; THS, Turkish Heart Study; UTR, untranslated region
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