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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print December 1, 2007
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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 48, 2614-2621, December 2007
Copyright © 2007 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology













* Institute of Epidemiology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
Institute of Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
German Diabetes Clinic, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
** Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany

Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria

Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
*** First Department of Internal Medicine, St. Johann Spital, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
The online version of this article (available at http://www.jlr.org) contains supplementary data in the form of three tables, one figure.
Published, JLR Papers in Press, September 3, 2007.
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: illig{at}gsf.de
Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene variants were reported to be associated with two components of metabolic syndrome (MetS): higher TG levels and lower HDL levels. Moreover, a recent Japanese case-control study found variant –1131T>C associated with MetS itself. Thus, our study systematically analyzed the APOA5 gene for association with lipid parameters, any other features of MetS, including waist circumference, glucose-related parameters, blood pressure, uric acid, and MetS itself in Caucasians. Ten polymorphisms were analyzed in a large fasting sample of the population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) survey S4 (n = 1,354; southern Germany) and in a second fasting sample, the Salzburg Atherosclerosis Prevention Program in Subjects at High Individual Risk (SAPHIR) study (n = 1,770; Austria). Minor alleles of variants –1131T>C, –3A>G, c.56C>G, 476G>A, and 1259T>C were significantly associated with higher TG levels in single polymorphism (P < 0.001) and haplotype (P
6.6 x 10–6) analysis. Besides associations with lower HDL levels in SAPHIR (P
0.001), there were no significant findings with any other features of MetS. Variant c.56C>G was associated with higher risk for MetS [odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.43 (1.04, 1.99), P = 0.03 for KORA and 1.48 (1.10, 1.99), P = 0.009 for SAPHIR). Our study confirms the association of the APOA5 locus with TG and HDL levels in humans. Furthermore, the data suggest a different mechanism of APOA5 impact on MetS in Caucasians, as variant c.56C>G (not analyzed in the Japanese study) and not –1131T>C, as in the Japanese subjects, was associated with MetS.
Supplementary key words apolipoprotein polymorphism Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg Salzburg Atherosclerosis Prevention Program in Subjects at High Individual Risk genetics lipids haplotypes Apolipoprotein A5
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