Plasma kinetics of a cholesterol-rich emulsion in subjects with or without coronary artery disease

Raul D. Santos, Whady Hueb, Antonio A. Oliveira, Jose A.F. Ramires, and Raul C. Maranhao

Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, The Heart Institute University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000

Corresponding Author: ramarans{at}us.br

A cholesterol-rich emulsion (LDE) that resembles the LDL lipidic structure is taken-up by LDL receptors after intravenous injection by means of apolipoprotein E it acquires in the circulation and can be used to probe LDL metabolism. In this study, LDE was labeled with 14C-cholesteryl oleate and 3H-cholesterol and injected into 19 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and into 14 subjects without CAD to verify whether the kinetic behavior of the radioactive lipids is different in CAD. Blood was sampled over 24 h for radioactivity measurement after lipid extraction and separation by thin-layer chromatography. Fractional clearance rate (FCR, in h-1) of 14C-cholesteryl ester was not different in CAD and non-CAD expressed as median (25%;75%) : 0.08 (0.062; 0.134) h-1 vs. 0.06 (0.04;0.083) h-1 , p=0.167. However, 3H-cholesterol FCR was greater in CAD than in non-CAD (mean ± sem): 0.163 ± 0.016 h-1 vs. 0.077 ± 0.014 h-1 ,p < 0.001. Esterification of the LDE 3H-cholesterol was also greater in CAD subjects than non-CAD at 10 and 24 hours after emulsion injection (p=0.029 and 0.024 respectively). In conclusion, both removal from the plasma and esterification of the LDE cholesterol were increased in CAD. These findings may contribute for unraveling pro-atherogenic mechanisms and the establishment of novel CAD markers.

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