J. Lipid Res. Neurobiology of Lipids (ISSN1683-5506)
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A more recent version of this article appeared on July 1, 2003

Papers In Press, published online ahead of print April 16, 2003
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M300078-JLR200
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Submitted on February 13, 2003
Revised on April 15, 2003
Accepted on April 16, 2003

ABCA1 redistributes membrane cholesterol independent of apolipoprotein interactions

Ashley M. Vaughan and John F. Oram

Medicine Dept., University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6426

Corresponding Author: joram{at}u.washington.edu

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediates the transport of phospholipids and cholesterol from cells to lipid-poor HDL apolipoproteins. Cholesterol loading of cells induces ABCA1, implicating cholesterol as its major physiologic substrate. It is believed, however, that ABCA1 is primarily a phospholipid transporter and that cholesterol efflux occurs by diffusion to ABCA1-generated phospholipid-rich apolipoproteins. Here we show that overexpression of ABCA1 in BHK cells in the absence of apolipoproteins redistributed membrane cholesterol to cell-surface domains accessible to treatment with the enzyme cholesterol oxidase. The cholesterol removed by apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), but not by HDL phospholipids, was derived exclusively from these domains. ABCA1 overexpression also increased cholesterol esterification, which was prevented by addition of apoA-I, suggesting that some of the cell-surface cholesterol not removed by apolipoproteins is transported to the intracellular esterifying enzyme acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase. ABCA1 expression was essential for cholesterol efflux even when apolipoproteins had already acquired phospholipids during prior exposure to ABCA1-expressing cells. These studies show that ABCA1 redistributes cholesterol to cell-surface domains where it becomes accessible for removal by apolipoproteins, consistent with a direct role of ABCA1 in cholesterol transport.


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