Effects of unsaturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols on phosphatidylethanolamine membrane structure

Jesús Prades, Sérgio S Funari, Pablo V Escribá, and Francisca Barceló

Biology Dept., University of Balearic Island, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands E-07122

Corresponding Author: dbffbm0{at}clust.uib.es

Lipid intake in diet regulates the membrane lipid composition, which in turn controls activities of membrane proteins. There is evidence that fatty acids (FA) and triacylglycerols (TG) can alter the phospholipid mesomorphism. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. This study focuses on the effect of the unsaturation degree of the C-18 FAs, oleic (OA), linoleic and linolenic, and their TG, triolein (TO), trilinolein and trilinolenin, on the structural properties of phosphoethanolamine phospholipids. By means of X-ray diffraction and 31P-NMR spectroscopy, it is shown that both kind of molecules stabilize the HII phase in 1,2-dielaidoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DEPE) liposomes. Several structural factors are considered to explain the correlation between the FA unsaturation degree and the onset temperature of the HII phase. It is proposed that TGs could act as lateral spacers between polar DEPE groups, providing an increase in the effective surface area per lipid molecule that would account for the structural parameters of the HII phase. Fluorescence polarization data indicated a fluidification effect of OA on the lamellar phase. TO increased the viscosity of the hydrophobic core with a high effect on the HII phase.

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