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A more recent version of this article appeared on September 1, 2003

Papers In Press, published online ahead of print June 16, 2003
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M300141-JLR200
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Submitted on April 4, 2003
Revised on May 20, 2003
Accepted on June 2, 2003

Sterol carrier protein-2/sterol carrier protein-x expression differentially alters fatty acid metabolism in L-cell fibroblasts

Barbara P. Atshaves, Stephen M. Storey, and Friedhelm Schroeder

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845

Corresponding Author: fschroeder{at}cvm.tamu.edu

Sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2) and sterol carrier protein-x (SCP-x) are ubiquitous proteins found in all mammalian tissues. Although both proteins interact with fatty acids and fatty acyl CoAs, their relative contributions to the uptake, oxidation, and esterification of straight-chain (palmitic) and branched-chain (phytanic) fatty acids in living cells has not been resolved. Therefore, the effects of each gene product on fatty acid metabolism was examined in transfected L-cells expressing each protein individually. SCP-2 and SCP-x did not enhance the uptake/translocation of fatty acids across the plasma membrane into the cell based on the following evidence: (i) a 2-fold increase in uptake of [2,3-3H] phytanic and [9,10-3H] palmitic acid was observed at long incubation times in SCP-2 and SCP-x expressing cells, but no differences were observed at initial time points; (ii) uptake of the non-oxidizable, poorly metabolizable fatty acid analog 2-bromo-[1-14C] palmitate was unaffected by SCP-2 or SCP-x overexpression; and (iii) SCP-2 and SCP-x expression did not increase targeting of [2,3-3H] phytanic or [9,10-3H] palmitic acid to the unesterified fatty acid pool. The data indicated that SCP-2 and SCP-x enhanced fatty acid uptake by stimulating intracellular metabolism via fatty acid oxidation and esterification. SCP-2 and SCP-x expression stimulated the oxidation of both [2,3-3H] phytanic and [9,10-3H] palmitic acid 2-3 fold. Similarly, total esterification of [2,3-3H] phytanic acid was stimulated by SCP-2 and SCP-x expression by enhancing incorporation into phospholipids and neutral lipids. However, esterification of [9,10-3H] palmitic acid was enhanced only by SCP-2, despite increased incorporation of [9,10-3H] palmitic acid into neutral lipids in SCP-x expressing cells. Furthermore, effects of SCP-2 and SCP-x on individual phospholipid and neutral lipid species were highly specific. In summary, these data showed for the first time that SCP-2 and SCP-x stimulate oxidation and esterification of branched-chain as well as straight-chain fatty acids in intact cells.


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