Study of agreement between LDL size as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance and gradient gel electrophoresis

Daniel R. Witte, Marja-Riita Taskinen, Helinä Perttunen-Nio, Arie ;van Tol, Shona Livingstone, and Helen M. Colhoun

EURODIAB, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, London WC1E 6BT

Corresponding Author: d.witte{at}ucl.ac.uk

LDL particle size can be measured by gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The agreement between both methods has not been extensively evaluated. We therefore measured LDL size by NMR and GGE in 324 individuals (152 with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 172 healthy controls with a similar age and gender distribution). The Spearman rank correlation between both methods was 0.39 (95%CI: 0.29;0.48). The absolute difference was 5.38 nm (NMR smaller) on average, but it increased with increasing LDL size. Less than 50% of people classified as pattern B on GGE, were classified as pattern B on NMR (kappa 0.31, 95%CI: 0.17;0.45). Agreement was lower for diabetic subjects compared to controls, for women compared to men and for those with triglycerides below 1.30 mmol/l compared to those above. External validation showed that cholesteryl ester transfer rate (CET) was related to LDL size on GGE in all subgroups and to LDL size on NMR only in men and non-diabetic subjects. Our findings show that agreement between LDL size measured by NMR and GGE is far from perfect and is not consistent across all subgroups of patients. In particular, NMR- and GGE-based determination of LDL size should not be assumed to be interchangeable in women and diabetic subjects. Whether NMR or GGE predicts cardiovascular disease risk better has not yet been evaluated.

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