J. Lipid Res.
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A more recent version of this article appeared on February 1, 2004

Papers In Press, published online ahead of print November 16, 2003
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M300409-JLR200
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Submitted on September 26, 2003
Revised on October 31, 2003
Accepted on November 3, 2003

The steroidal analog GW707 activates the SREBP pathway through disruption of intracellular cholesterol trafficking

Jessie Zhang, Nicole Dudley-Rucker, Jan R. Crowley, Elvira Lopez-Perez, Marc Issandou, Jean E. Schaffer, and Daniel S. Ory

Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110

Corresponding Author: dory{at}wustl.edu

Recently, a new class of lipid-lowering agents has been described that up-regulate LDL receptor activity (LDLr). These agents are proposed to activate sterol-regulated gene expression through binding to the sterol regulatory element binding-protein (SREBP) cleavage-activating protein (SCAP). Here we show that the steroidal LDLr up-regulator, GW707, induces accumulation of lysosomal free cholesterol and inhibits low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-stimulated cholesterol esterification, similar to that observed in U18666A-treated cells and in Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) mutants. Moreover, we demonstrate that induction of the NPC-like phenotype by GW707 is independent of SCAP function. We find that treatment with GW707 does not increase SREBP-dependent gene expression above that observed in lipoprotein-starved cells. Rather, we show that the apparent increase in SREBP-dependent activity in GW707-treated cells is due to a failure to appropriately suppress sterol-regulated gene expression, as has been shown previously for U18666A-treated cells and NPC mutant fibroblasts. We further demonstrate that cells treated with either GW707 or U18666A fail to appropriately generate 27-hydroxycholesterol in response to LDL cholesterol. Taken together, these findings support a mechanism in which GW707 exerts its hypolidemic effects through disruption of late endosomal/lysosomal sterol trafficking and subsequent stimulation of LDLr activity.


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