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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print April 16, 2005
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M400514-JLR200
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Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg 6200 MD
Corresponding Author: r.mensink{at}hb.unimaas.nl
To estimate in vivo alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n-3) conversion, 29 healthy subjects consumed for 28 days a diet providing 7 percent of energy from linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and 0.4% from ALA. On day 19, subjects received a single bolus of 30 mg uniformly labeled 13C-ALA and for the next eight days 10 mg twice daily. Fasting plasma phospholipid concentrations of 12C- and 13C-labeled ALA, EPA (C20:5n-3), DPA (C22:5n-3), and DHA (C22:6n-3) were determined on days 19, 21, 23, 26, 27, and 28. To estimate hepatic conversion of n-3 fatty acids, a tracer model was developed based on the averaged 13C-data of the participants. A similar tracee model was solved using the averaged 12C values, the kinetic parameters derived from the tracer model, and mean ALA consumption. ALA incorporation into plasma phospholipids was estimated by solving both models simultaneously. It was found that nearly 7% of dietary ALA was incorporated into plasma phospholipids. From this pool, 99.8% was converted into EPA, and 1% into DPA and subsequently into DHA. Conclusion: The limited incorporation of dietary ALA into the hepatic phospholipid pool contributes to the low hepatic conversion of ALA into EPA. A low conversion of ALA-derived EPA into DPA might be an additional obstacle for DHA synthesis.
Revised on April 6, 2005
Accepted on April 11, 2005
Development of a compartmental model to quantify alpha-linolenic acid conversion after longer-term intake of multiple tracer boluses
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