|
A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2003
Papers In Press, published online ahead of print August 16, 2003
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.R300011-JLR200
Submitted on July 17, 2003
Revised on August 19, 2003
Accepted on August 16, 2003
Efficacy and safety of dietary supplements containing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) for the treatment of obesity: evidence from animal and human studies
Thomas M. Larsen, Søren Toubro, and Arne Astrup
Department of Human Nutrition, Center for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg 1958
Corresponding Author: tml{at}kvl.dk
Dietary supplements containing CLA are widely promoted as weight loss agents available over the counter and via the Internet. In this review we evaluate the efficacy and safety of CLA supplementation based on peer reviewed published results from randomized placebo-controlled human intervention trials lasting more than 4 weeks. We also review findings from experimental studies in animals and studies performed in vitro. Overall, CLA appears to produce loss of fat mass and increase lean tissue mass in rodents, but the results from 13 randomized, controlled short term (<6 months) trials in humans revealed only little evidence to support that CLA reduces body weight or promotes repartitioning of body fat into fat free mass in man. However, from mice and human studies there is increasing evidence that the CLA isomer t10,c12 may produce liver hypertrophy and insulin resistance via a redistribution of fat deposition that resembles lipodystrophy. CLA also decreases the fat content of the milk among lactating women and cows. In conclusion, although CLA may attenuate increases in body weight and body fat in several animal models, CLA isomers sold as dietary supplements does not prove effective as weight loss agents in humans and may actually adversely affect human health.

CiteULike Complore Connotea Del.icio.us Digg Reddit Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Di Giancamillo, R. Rossi, F. Vitari, G. Pastorelli, C. Corino, and C. Domeneghini
Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acids Decrease Leptin in Porcine Adipose Tissue
J. Nutr.,
October 1, 2009;
139(10):
1867 - 1872.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. L. Rogovik and R. D. Goldman
Should weight-loss supplements be used for pediatric obesity?
Can Fam Physician,
March 1, 2009;
55(3):
257 - 259.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Tsuzuki and Y. Kawakami
Tumor angiogenesis suppression by {alpha}-eleostearic acid, a linolenic acid isomer with a conjugated triene system, via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma}
Carcinogenesis,
April 1, 2008;
29(4):
797 - 806.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
A. Kennedy, S. Chung, K. LaPoint, O. Fabiyi, and M. K. McIntosh
Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Antagonizes Ligand-Dependent PPAR{gamma} Activity in Primary Cultures of Human Adipocytes
J. Nutr.,
March 1, 2008;
138(3):
455 - 461.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
C. Cruz-Hernandez, J. K. G. Kramer, J. J. Kennelly, D. R. Glimm, B. M. Sorensen, E. K. Okine, L. A. Goonewardene, and R. J. Weselake
Evaluating the Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Trans 18:1 Isomers in Milk Fat of Dairy Cows Fed Increasing Amounts of Sunflower Oil and a Constant Level of Fish Oil
J Dairy Sci,
August 1, 2007;
90(8):
3786 - 3801.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
G. A. Bray and F. L. Greenway
Pharmacological Treatment of the Overweight Patient
Pharmacol. Rev.,
June 1, 2007;
59(2):
151 - 184.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. M. Ip, S. O. McGee, P. A. Masso-Welch, C. Ip, X. Meng, L. Ou, and S. F. Shoemaker
The t10,c12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid stimulates mammary tumorigenesis in transgenic mice over-expressing erbB2 in the mammary epithelium
Carcinogenesis,
June 1, 2007;
28(6):
1269 - 1276.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Tsuzuki, A. Shibata, Y. Kawakami, K. Nakagawa, and T. Miyazawa
Conjugated Eicosapentaenoic Acid Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Angiogenesis by Suppressing the Migration of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
J. Nutr.,
March 1, 2007;
137(3):
641 - 646.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. Rosell, N. N Hakansson, and A. Wolk
Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19 352 perimenopausal women
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition,
December 1, 2006;
84(6):
1481 - 1488.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
K. McAuley and J. Mann
Thematic review series: Patient-Oriented Research. Nutritional determinants of insulin resistance
J. Lipid Res.,
August 1, 2006;
47(8):
1668 - 1676.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. Tsuzuki, Y. Kawakami, R. Abe, K. Nakagawa, K. Koba, J. Imamura, T. Iwata, I. Ikeda, and T. Miyazawa
Conjugated Linolenic Acid Is Slowly Absorbed in Rat Intestine, but Quickly Converted to Conjugated Linoleic Acid
J. Nutr.,
August 1, 2006;
136(8):
2153 - 2159.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
T. M. Larsen, S. Toubro, O. Gudmundsen, and A. Astrup
Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 1 y does not prevent weight or body fat regain
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition,
March 1, 2006;
83(3):
606 - 612.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
S. Chung, J. M. Brown, J. N. Provo, R. Hopkins, and M. K. McIntosh
Conjugated Linoleic Acid Promotes Human Adipocyte Insulin Resistance through NF{kappa}B-dependent Cytokine Production
J. Biol. Chem.,
November 18, 2005;
280(46):
38445 - 38456.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
R. Ringseis, D. Saal, A. Muller, H. Steinhart, and K. Eder
Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acids Lower the Triacylglycerol Concentration in the Milk of Lactating Rats and Impair the Growth and Increase the Mortality of their Suckling Pups
J. Nutr.,
December 1, 2004;
134(12):
3327 - 3334.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
F. Moloney, T.-P. Yeow, A. Mullen, J. J Nolan, and H. M Roche
Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation, insulin sensitivity, and lipoprotein metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition,
October 1, 2004;
80(4):
887 - 895.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|

|
 |

|
 |
 
M. W Pariza
Perspective on the safety and effectiveness of conjugated linoleic acid
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition,
June 1, 2004;
79(6):
1132S - 1136S.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
 |
|
Copyright © 2003 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
|
Advertisement
Advertisement
|