Imaging atherosclerosis: State of the art

doi:10.1194/jlr.R600012-JLR200

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A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2006

Papers In Press, published online ahead of print May 16, 2006
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.R600012-JLR200

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Submitted on April 19, 2006
Revised on May 15, 2006
Accepted on May 15, 2006

Imaging atherosclerosis: State of the art

John R. Crouse III

Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157

Corresponding Author: jrcrouse{at}wfubmc.edu

The ability to image obstructive arterial disease brought about a revolution in clinical cardiovascular care; the development of newer technologies that image arterial wall thicknesses, areas, volumes, and composition allows valid imaging of atherosclerosis for the first time. Development of non-invasive imaging of atherosclerosis has further led to a quantum shift in research in the field by enabling study of asymptomatic populations and thus allowing investigators to focus on pre-clinical disease without the many biases associated with the study of symptomatic patients. These non-invasive investigations have broad implications for clinical care as well. Coronary angiography, computed tomographic (CT) imaging of coronary calcium, intravascular ultrasound, multidetector CT angiography, B mode ultrasound of the carotid arteries, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the carotid arteries each have unique strengths and weaknesses for imaging atherosclerosis. Certain of these techniques are extremely useful as outcome variables for clinical trials and others are uniquely useful as predictors of risk of cardiovascular disease. All are informative in one way or the other with regard to the role of plaque remodeling and composition in disease causation. CT and MRI technology are advancing very rapidly, and research and clinical uses of these imaging modalities promise to futher advance our understanding of atherosclerosis and its prevention.

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