Effect of weight loss, independent of change in diet composition, on apolipoprotein AI kinetic in men with metabolic syndrome

Caroline Richard; Patrick Couture; Sophie Desroches; Alice H. Lichtenstein; Benoît Lamarche

doi:10.1194/jlr.M029934

Effect of weight loss, independent of change in diet composition, on apolipoprotein AI kinetic in men with metabolic syndrome

^*Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada, G1V 0A6
^†Lipid Research Center, CHUQ Research Center, Quebec, Canada; and
^§Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111

Abstract

We investigated the effect of weight loss, independent of change in diet composition, on HDL and apoAI metabolism in men with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Subjects (19 men with MetS [NCEP-ATPIII]) were fed an isoenergetic Mediterranean-style diet for 5 weeks (all foods provided). Participants then underwent a 20-week free-living period during which they were counseled to restrict energy intake, after which they were again fed an isoenergetic Mediterranean-style diet for 5 weeks. At the end of the two controlled diets, participants received a single bolus of [5,5,5-²H₃] _L-leucine, and fasting blood samples were collected over a 96 h period. ApoAI kinetic was assessed using multicompartmental modeling of the tracer enrichment data. Participants achieved a 9.1 ± 2.8% reduction in body weight (P < 0.001). Weight loss resulted in an increase in plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations of 6.0% (P = 0.059) and HDL₃-C of 7.9% (P = 0.045), attributable to a reduction in apoAI fractional catabolic rate (−7.8%; P = 0.046) with no change in apoAI production rate (2.2%; P = 0.58). These data indicate that weight loss, independent of variation in diet composition, increases plasma HDL primarily by delaying the catabolism of apoAI.

Footnotes

↵1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: Benoit.Lamarche{at}inaf.ulaval.ca
Abbreviations:

CETP

cholesteryl estertransfer protein

FCR

fractional catabolic rate

HDL-C

HDL cholesterol

LDL-C

LDL cholesterol

MetS

metabolic syndrome

PR

production rate

PS

pool size

TG

triglyceride
This study was supported by an operating grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-68866). Provigo/Loblaws donated the foods used in this study.