JLR Patient-Oriented and Epidemiological Research
Lipid and metabolic syndrome traits in coronary artery disease: a Mendelian randomization study
Mendelian randomization (MR) of lipid traits in CAD has provided evidence for causal associations of LDL-C and TGs in CAD, but many lipid trait genetic variants have pleiotropic effects on other cardiovascular risk factors that may bias MR associations. The goal of this study was to evaluate pleiotropic effects of lipid trait genetic variants and to account for these effects in MR of lipid traits in CAD. We performed multivariable MR using inverse variance-weighted and MR-Egger methods in large (n ≥ 300,000) GWAS datasets.A genome-wide search for gene-by-obesity interaction loci of dyslipidemia in Koreans shows diverse genetic risk alleles
Dyslipidemia is a well-established risk factor for CVD. Studies suggest that similar fat accumulation in a given population might result in different levels of dyslipidemia risk among individuals; for example, despite similar or leaner body composition compared with Caucasians, Asians of Korean descent experience a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia. These variations imply a possible role of gene-obesity interactions on lipid profiles. Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 500 loci regulating plasma lipids, but the interaction structure between genes and obesity traits remains unclear.Hypertriglyceridemia and cardiovascular risk: a cautionary note about metabolic confounding
Triglycerides are the conventional tool to measure VLDLs, whereas LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is the conventional tool to measure LDLs. Multiple epidemiological studies, including a series of genetically based analyses, have demonstrated that cardiovascular risk is related to triglycerides independently of LDL-C, and this has led to a series of new therapeutic agents designed specifically to reduce plasma triglycerides. The triglyceride hypothesis posits that increased levels of triglycerides increase cardiovascular risk and decreasing plasma triglycerides decreases cardiovascular risk.Associations of genetic variants for adult lipid levels with lipid levels in children. The Generation R Study
Lipid concentrations are heritable traits. Recently, the number of known genetic loci associated with lipid levels in adults increased from 95 to 157. The effects of these 157 loci have not been tested in children. Considering that lipid levels track from childhood to adulthood, we studied to determine whether these variants already affected lipid concentrations in a large group of 2,645 children with a median age of 6.0 years (95% range 5.7–7.3 years) from the population-based Generation R Study.Levels of atherogenic lipoproteins are unexpectedly reduced in interstitial fluid from type 2 diabetes patients
At a given level of serum cholesterol, patients with T2D have an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis compared with nondiabetic subjects. We hypothesized that T2D patients have an increased interstitial fluid (IF)-to-serum gradient ratio for LDL, due to leakage over the vascular wall. Therefore, lipoprotein profiles in serum and IF from 35 T2D patients and 35 healthy controls were assayed using fast performance liquid chromatography. The IF-to-serum gradients for VLDL and LDL cholesterol, as well as for apoB, were clearly reduced in T2D patients compared with healthy controls.
